How $31 million defeated California's Prop 23
Backers were steamrolled by a $31.2 million campaign funded by such wealthy philanthropists as San Francisco hedge fund manager Tom Steyer, such big environmental groups as the National Wildlife Federation and the ClimateWorks Foundation, and such Silicon Valley green-tech moguls as John Doerr and Vinod Khosla.
That money funded tough TV commercials urging "Stop the job-killing dirty energy proposition." And it helped organize
a vast grass-roots campaign that roped in scores of organizations including health groups such as
the American Lung Association, unions, religious organizations, Latino community organizations and green-tech trade groups, as well as virtually every environmental group in the state.
Celebrities such as Edward James Olmos, Leonardo DiCaprio, Robert Redford and "Avatar's" James Cameron
urged a "no" vote. And Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger stumped across the state attacking the "self-serving greed" of Valero Energy Corp. and Tesoro Corp., the two San Antonio-based refiners that were the principal funders.
The oil industry is the "bad guys"?